Archive for October, 2009

10-S for Energy Conservation

October 30th, 2009

Transformation of human life from past to present has shown a major shift from basic living needs to having best in the society. In recent years, high rising needs has worsen energy & environment issues to alarming level. Irreversible threatening visible effects are the major concern of worry for the global population. 

            Despite entry of various innovative energy saving products, energy scenario is worsening. Simple reason, energy usage for comfort are touching high while many are still deprived of energy to meet their basic needs. Looking present trends, energy inefficient manufacturing sectors will become extinct soon. 

            Nature has provided enough energy resources and keeps on replenishing exhausted fuel stocks at her own pace. Energy consumption rate faster than its natural generation is creating imbalance in energy demand & supply cycle. Microscopic viewing of process plant ensures finer control of energy wastage. 

         Scarcity of energy resources and environment related hazards are already visible. Whether they are natural or man-made, this controversy will always exist. Rising energy price, leading to major politico-economic crisis across the globe, can’t be simply ignored. Process industries, being one of the major energy consumers, are worst affected due to continuous rise of energy price. 

            Each one of us is dependent over the energy and may contribute for energy conservation by: 

Finding alternative energy sources Developing processes/equipment for effective utilization of available energy Decreasing usage of energy consuming units  

           Looking the necessity, 10 simple points are presented here to enhance the participation of large number of people for energy conservation drive. On similar lines, various workshops can be conducted to motivate more people towards energy conservation. 

1.) Sense Energy Wastage 

Though energy is required for the process transformation, unnecessary wastage of energy should not be acceptable. Thus, it is important to sense energy wastage in every process step. Realization of energy wastage is the starting step towards the energy conservation. Following are the typical examples in relation to sense energy wastage in every process operation:

Heat losses from stripped off insulation from hot pipes/equipment Excess cooling water circulation in the system Air leakage from the ducts Distillation column operating at high reflux

 

 2.) Stop Energy Appliance when not in use

 Realization of energy wastage followed by proper timely actions will definitely contribute for saving energy. Stop energy consuming appliances when they are not in use. For example, ensure stoppage of:

Pump motor after complete material transfer Utility circulation pump after process completion Conveyors when material transfer finishes Exhaust fans after gas removal from work place

 

3.) Search Energy Efficient Solutions

 Stop action will ensure today’s energy saving but search of new energy efficient solutions is desired for continuing energy conservation in future too. Following are some of the identified areas for innovating energy efficient solutions:

Energy efficient electric drives Up-gradation of low quality heat for reutilization Modified distillation column internals Reduced downtime for maintenance

 

4.) Select Energy Saving Devices

 This is the decisive stage when two or more alternatives need to be compared w.r.t. energy consumption and the energy efficient one need to be selected. Following are the typical industrial examples where choice needs to be made one over other:

Low pressure drop units over high pressure drop High pipeline size over small pipeline size Complicated pipe routing over simplified routing Heat recovery system over heat wastage

 

5.) Shift Towards Available Energy Sources

 Re-look the process plant for available waste energy or doing minor shift in working style or process streams reduces down energy requirement. For example,

Preheating stream using waste heat instead of use of fresh heat Utilizing available liquid head instead of using pump for liquid transfer Shift to natural drafts instead of electric exhaust fans Use of non-conventional energy sources instead of conventional

 

 6.) Service Energy Consuming Units

 Effectiveness of some of the energy consuming units used in the process plant reduces after some period of operation. Thus, they require servicing to regain their efficiency. Following examples depict the need of servicing:

Cleaning heat exchanger surface for high heat transfer Oiling rotary units for reduced friction Replacing damaged column packing for higher efficiency Cleaning filter media for reducing pressure drop

 

 7.) Scrapping Energy Inefficient Units

 Beyond a certain stage, servicing alone may not regain energy efficiency of the operating unit. Thus old units need to be scrapped and replaced by the new ones. Sometimes new innovative, energy efficient units may also replace older energy inefficient units. Following are the industrial examples:

Blocked, damaged heat exchanger Damaged distillation column packing Inefficient electric motors Old damaged insulation over pipelines/equipment

 

 8.) Schedule More Activities at a time

 Advanced planning helps in energy saving exercise. Thus, planning is required for carrying out more activities with the same energy consumption. For example;

Carrying out all maintenance activities in single plant shut down Plant modifications at the time of preventive maintenance Redesign operational cycle of batch operation to reduce idle time Hot stream directly for next processing step instead of sending for storage

 

9.) Sacrifice Comforts & Status

 Essential transformations can’t be avoided in the process plants, but energy conservation requires some level of compromise in our comforts. Thus attitudinal changes are desired. For example:

Don’t wait for others to stop idle running machinery Don’t switch on lights, fans until essentially required Don’t overlook energy saving suggestions Do provide additional time for energy conservation

 

 10.) Spread Energy Conservation Message

 Spreading the energy conservation learning to various levels of people becomes essential today. Following need to be considered:

Practice first then preach Awareness of environmental threats related to energy Share energy experiences at every levels Arrange energy conservation workshops


By: pankkaj khandelwal

Sarah Palin and Environment, Global Warming and Drilling in Protected Areas

October 27th, 2009

It’s killing time; you know they’re going to leave us. It’s approaching the fall/winter season as I write this. The guys will go out in the woods with their guns dragged from back seats of trucks and head out for sport. That sport is killing.

That’s what they do in a small town called Natchitoches where I live now and in La Grande, Oregon where I grew up. It’s a celebrated annual event. The local grocery has big wooden racks to display the killed. You can even buy postcards to add your picture, with you and the dead deer beside. You don’t need den walls for display anymore, just props for the trucks on the road.

Now I was raised on deer meat, and I like it. It makes sense when you need to feed a family, as my folks did years ago. But sport? Like football for cheering?

Sarah Palin likes hunting wolves, which aren’t creatures we think of sympathetically. But in research on mass murder and war it has been found that people who enjoy killing animals don’t mind killing people some time. (True Crime) A smile from someone who talks about the sport of killing wolves (Detroit Free Press) that is then beamed on a political stage to celebrate the possible death of one’s son should make many of us worry. (KNVN 24) Because if someone likes killing animals from the air and finds that fun and smiles when a son goes to war, then will that same person protect or worry about our sons in a world where killing is a sport?

Certain types of creatures have been on the Palin hit list for some time. Still they have more in common than that; they help keep the rest of us safe. So we should probably think about protecting these characters, especially given all the other problems we have because they are directly involved in what’s going on. What happened to them might be the proverbial tip ofThe iceberg to what might happen to us.

Let’s talk about fish first. Let’s talk about salmon. I don’t know about you, but salmon is my favorite fish, anytime and any place. I was born and raised in Oregon, in salmon country. I grew up with salmon steak and went out with friends and family to catch a few now and then. So I love them and know them well enough to want to make sure they get the right treatment. By that I mean I want their waters to be clean enough to keep them healthy, and I want them to have an overall environment to breed, make babies and keep lots of us fed.

Sarah Palin doesn’t have the same opinions about salmon as I do. Oh, she likes to catch and eat them, that’s true. Protecting them is a whole other matter. Palin can look right out the door and see fish that are dying, even when the lake near her house is stocked as the fish continue to die. In order to get commercial interests into Wasilla Palin sacrificed the environment to do it. An example is right in her own backyard. Lake Lucille has been declared seriously impaired and really dead and has been since 1994 when Palin was Mayor of Wasilla. That was documented by the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation and remains like that today. (Talbot)

One Wasilla resident has said, as reported in Salon.com, “Sarah’s legacy as mayor was big-box stores and runaway growth,” said Patty Stoll, a retired Wasilla schoolteacher. Stoll, as reported, worked with Palin’s parents, Chuck and Sally Heath, at the same school. She continued, “The truth is, Wasilla is just plain ugly, it’s not a pleasant place to live. It’s not thought out. And that’s a shame.

“Sarah fouled her own nest, and I can’t understand why. I hate to think it was simply greed or ambition.”(Talbot)

But that’s not the only reason why salmon are grieving and leaving. If they want to die, they would likely want to do that proudly and not in polluted waters. One would think that watching a lake turn bad, and the fish flounder as a result, that some clean water regulation would be welcomed. However, Sarah Palin did the opposite: she spoke out against the Clean Water Act. Palin and her public want mineral mining more than food without tapeworms, which salmon from Alaska now have in abundance. (Summer Johnson) I wonder how many people who eat salmon grown in Alaska worry about how that affects them today. Palin, it appears, may not care.

If you thought it was only fish that should worry, you need to know about bears. Sarah Palin is against classifying polar bears as endangered species. Palin told the public that scientists had said that polar bears were not endangered at all. When questioned, secrecy measures immediately began, as anyone who asked for the emails from scientists were kept at bay with large sums of money asked for disclosing them. Rick Steiner, a University of Alaska professor, was someone who had asked for them and was told that this request would be costly, as in $468,784. After going through federal records, Steiner found out that the scientists had indeed said that polar bears are an endangered species and worthy of protection. (Steiner)

Despite Steiner’s findings and the available knowledge about polar bears, Palin filed suit to keep the polar bears off the endangered list. Palin’s reason: she was worried that environmentalists are using the Endangered Species Act to block the extraction of oil and gas according to an interview she had earlier this year with Glenn Beck.

Palin also said that the population of polar bears is growing, but not according to the experts. One of them, Ian Stirling, who is a scientist who has studied polar bears for 37 years, says “Polar bear populations have not been increasing for the past 37 years, and that’s a well-known fact,” Stirling has studied polar bears more than anyone. So the issue is to lie, no matter the consequence to polar bears these days. That makes some people sad, just to think of how soft and cuddly they look, but who would feel sad for the wolves we’ll talk about next? (Stirland)

Most people don’t feel a sense of wonder and joy when they think about wolves. Actually most people get scared, but these days the wolves are. It’s one thing to keep wolves out of areas where people live and work, especially when they can eat not only livestock but people too if they are hungry enough. It’s another thing to make that a sport, just to kill for the fun of it. I’ve touched on that before, but it warrants inclusion with the fish and the bears.

Palin put a bounty on the heads of wolves, to encourage average citizens to load up their guns and go kill them, from the air, from everywhere. (Benjamin) That bounty was eventually stopped through legal action. Palin, however, wanted the practice to continue despite the ethical issues involved. All over the Internet there are pictures of Palin smiling over wolf carcasses as part of her campaign, so the practice continues certainly. Palin claims that humans killing wolves helps thin out the populations of predators that kill moose and elk which subsistence farmers in Alaska need to survive.

In defense of those wolves, not my friends surely, there’s not much scientific support for Palin’s position. In fact in 2007, 172 scientists wrote to Palin with their concerns about the lack of real science supporting killing the population of wolves. ( Benjamin) They are concerned about the balance of nature related to global warming taking place in the wilds of Alaska. (O’Brien) That didn’t influence Palin to change. The shooting continues and is applauded as well. In the wilderness of the gun, this is one more place people can practice sharp shooting. So what’s next for the propaganda machine that supports candidates like Palin who really don’t care about the effects of what they do on the rest of the world?

How someone thinks about life in any form, including protected animals, in relationship to the acquisition of material gain tells us something about how an individual might relate to victims of acts over which they have little control. Let’s learn about how Sarah Palin looks at certain social issues to try to figure out how she might respond to legislation surrounding such issues as domestic violence, sex abuse, and the rights of people with disabilities since these get to the core of her beliefs about life and how we should treat the least among us.

 




By: Carol Forsloff

Conservatories In Conservation Areas – Tips & Advice For Getting Planning Approval

October 26th, 2009

It can be difficult to get planning permission to build a conservatory in a conservation area and the more you understand about the process, the easier it becomes to find ways of receiving planning approval.

The first conservation areas were created over 40-years ago in 1967 and today there are over 8,000 of them in England alone.

They are chosen by Local Authorities who wish to protect areas under their jurisdiction that have some architectural or historic interest or a desirability that needs to be preserved. They can include centres of historic towns, ancient villages and suburban streets with interesting architecture.

If you have lived in a conservation area for some time you will probably be aware of the regulations and how these can affect home improvements; but if you have recently moved into the area it’s probably all new to you. However, one of the reasons that you purchased your new home may well have been the character of the area and the preservation of it the conservation status has provided.

Conservation areas are not intended to lock an area in the past as some sort of living museum, new development is permitted but it will have to be undertaken sympathetically within the existing environment.

If you are planning to build a conservatory in a conservation area or demolish an existing one that you plan to replace, it is your responsibility to find out from your Local Authority what conservation area consent you will require. Going ahead without this may result in a fine or imprisonment, or both.

We usually recommend having an informal talk with the Planning Officer at the Council about what types of development they may allow to go ahead. They may even be able to point to recent developments nearby that have been through the approval process and from which you may get some pointers as to what you may be able to undertake. This is certainly less expensive than simply submitting expensive plans that may be rejected and then having them heavily revised, adding to your costs.

Generally Planning Officers and if one is appointed, a Conservation Officer, usually find it easier to approve plans for a new or replacement conservatory if the materials used in construction are in harmony with the building it is attached too, or to those in the surrounding area.

This means using brick or stone for dwarf walls that match the main building materials of your home and using natural materials such as timber for the conservatory construction. Plastic and uPVC conservatories will usually be frowned upon, as will conservatories using polycarbonate sheets for the glazing.

You may need to paint the exterior woodwork of the conservatory to match window frames and doors of your home, but if it is built in oak or other hardwood, it may be allowed to weather and gradually blend in with the area.

The finishing details are all-important and may make all the difference between success and failure of your application. So take great care in choosing crestings and finials. These are the decorative architectural devices seen on the roof of a conservatory. The finial is the pointed feature at the front of the apex and the cresting is the piece running along the ridge of the roof. There are specific designs that accompany different periods of architecture and you don’t want to commit an architectural faux pas on the roof.

While we cannot guarantee that following these guidelines will lead to success, we can say that by doing so you will have a far better chance.




By: Ian Dewar